For this research, I have chosen to listen to Reeling (2015) by Bang on a Can (1987-) and Circuit (1996) by Graham Fitkin Group (1963-). Circuit is a piece for two pianos and an orchestra. It seems dynamic and energetic, exploring the interplay of the two pianos and the orchestra. The two pianos seem to have the primary role of engaging in a dialogue with the rest of the orchestra in rapid runs, repeating patterns and cascading arpeggios. The pianos play in unison at times, creating a wall of sound. They also play counterpoint in a complex way. The main role of the orchestra is t provide a rich and varied backdrop for the pianos, and the different instruments produce different colours and textures. The percussion instrument appears to create the driving rhythmic pulse. The brass and woodwinds provide a burst of sound, and the strings provide a lush, sustained backdrop for the soloist. Reeling, on the other hand, is a work for electric guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, drums and percussion. The electric guitar is the most prominent instrument. It does provide various sounds and textures, distorted power chords and delicate arpeggios. Also, the electric guitar uses effects like delay, reverb and distortion to create a sonic palette. The bass is used to create the foundation of the work, driving the rhythm forward. Like the guitar, the bass uses effects to increase the umbrella of sounds. The differences in instrumentation seemed to be the prominent role of the guitar in Reeling and the use of the pianos for the main role in Circuit. The role of the percussion appears to be also different. Although both works are notable, in Reeling, the drums and percussion are a key part of the ensemble’s sound. It is used for accents and different textures. In Circuit the percussion is used more subtly, like an undercurrent that supports the melody and harmony. The Piano in Reeling is used sparingly and often in a more atmospheric and textural manner, while in Circuit is used in a rhythmic and percussive manner.
Orchestration and Arrangement 